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''Cioriagene!'' The following page will provide a comprehensive guide to Femps, the unofficial lingua franca of [[Sensuîerreí]].
''Cioria gene!'' The following page will provide a comprehensive guide to [[Femps]], the unofficial lingua franca of [[Sensuîerreí]].
 
 
''Cioria fina!''
 
== Orthography ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Letter
!IPA
!Example
!Example (IPA)
|-
|a
|[a]
|'''''a'''tt'''a'''''
|[ˈatta]
|-
| rowspan="2" |b
|[b]
|'''''b'''órea''
|[ˈbɔɾɛa]
|-
|[β] <small>(intervocalic)</small>
|''she'''b'''a''
|[ˈsɛβa]
|-
| rowspan="2" |c
|[k] <small>(back vowels)</small>
|'''''c'''ono''
|[ˈkɔnɔ]
|-
|[t͡ʃ] <small>(front vowels)</small>
|'''''c'''iorio''
|[t͡ʃɔɾjɔ]
|-
|ch
|[k] <small>(front vowels)</small>
|'''''ch'''emo''
|[ˈkɛmɔ]
|-
| rowspan="2" |d
|[d]
|'''''d'''ado''
| rowspan="2" |[ˈdaðɔ]
|-
|[ð] <small>(intervocalic)</small>
|''da'''d'''o''
|-
|e
|[ɛ]
|'''''e'''ppire''
|[ɛpˈpiɾɛ]
|-
|f
|[ɸ]
|'''''F'''empe''
|[ˈɸɛmpɛ]
|-
| rowspan="3" |g
|[ɡ]
|'''''g'''ussa''
|[ˈgusa]
|-
|[ɣ] <small>(intervocalic)</small>
|''shi'''g'''o''
|[ˈsiɣɔ]
|-
|[d͡ʒ] <small>(front vowels)</small>
|''e'''g'''io''
|[ˈɛd͡ʒɔ]
|-
|gh
|[ɡ] <small>(front vowels)</small>
|
|
|-
|h
|[∅] <small>(historical)</small>
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |i
|[i]
|
|
|-
|[j] <small>(as glide)</small>
|
|
|-
|l
|[l]
|
|
|-
|m
|[m]
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |n
|[n]
|
|
|-
|[ŋ] <small>(before velars)</small>
|
|
|-
|o
|[ɔ]
|
|
|-
|p
|[p]
|
|
|-
|r
|[ɾ]
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |s
|[s]
|
|
|-
|[z] <small>(intervocalic)</small>
|
|
|-
|[ʃ] <small>(front vowels)</small>
|
|
|-
|[ʒ] <small>(intervocalic front vowels)</small>
|
|
|-
|sh
|[s] <small>(front vowels)</small>
|
|
|-
|t
|[t]
|
|
|-
|u
|[u]
|
|
|-
|v
|[β]
|
|
|-
|x
|[ks]
|
|
|-
|y
|[i]
|
|
|}
 
== Articles ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Definite article (with combinations with prepositions)
! rowspan="2" |preposition
! colspan="2" |singular
! rowspan="2" |plural
|-
!anim.
!inan.
|-
| -
|''ho''
|''ha''
|''hi''
|-
|''da'' 'of'
|''d'ho''
|''d'ha''
|''d'hi''
|-
|''gio'' 'for'
|''gioho''
|''gioha''
|''giohi''
|-
|''li'' 'in, at'
|''l'ho''
|''l'ha''
|''l'hi''
|-
|em 'to, at'
|''emho''
|''emha''
|''emhi''
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Indefinite article (with combinations with prepositions)
! rowspan="2" |preposition
! colspan="2" |singular
! rowspan="2" |plural
|-
!anim.
!inan.
|-
| -
|''seö''
|''seä''
|''seï''
|-
|''da'' 'of'
|''deseö''
|''deseä''
|''deseï''
|-
|''gio'' 'for'
|''geseö''
|''geseä''
|''geseï''
|-
|''li'' 'in, at'
|''liseö''
|''liseä''
|''leseï''
|-
|''em'' 'to, at'
|''enseö''
|''enseä''
|''enseï''
|}


== Pronouns ==
== Pronouns ==
Line 9: Line 250:
! rowspan="2" |Indirect Object
! rowspan="2" |Indirect Object
! rowspan="2" |Possessive (nominal)
! rowspan="2" |Possessive (nominal)
! rowspan="2" |Possessive (adjectival)
|-
|-
!Clitic form
!Clitic form
Line 16: Line 256:
! rowspan="4" |sing.
! rowspan="4" |sing.
! colspan="2" |1st
! colspan="2" |1st
|''yme''
|''ymme''
|ce-, c(i)'-
|''ce-, c(i)'-''
|cy
|''cy''
|cogio
|''cogio''
|
|''ci''
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |2nd
! colspan="2" |2nd
|''sci''
|''si''
|sce-, sc(i)'-
|''se-, s(i)'-''
|sy
|''sy''
|sogio
|''sogio''
|
|''si''
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |3rd
! rowspan="2" |3rd
!an.
!an.
|''niu''
|''niu''
| rowspan="2" |y-, m'-
| rowspan="2" |''y-, m'-''
|''niu''
|''niu''
| rowspan="2" |niugio
| rowspan="2" |''niugio''
|
| rowspan="2" |''niuti''
|
|-
|-
!inan.
!inan.
|''niuä''
|''niuä''
|''niuä''
|''niuä''
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" |plural
! rowspan="3" |plural
! colspan="2" |1st
! colspan="2" |1st
|''vo''
|''vo''
|be-, b'-
|''be-, b'-''
|ba
|''ban''
|begio
|''begio''
|''bigi''
|-
! colspan="2" |2nd
|''ci''
|''te-, t'-''
|''tan''
|''cegio''
|''cigi''
|-
! colspan="2" |3rd
| colspan="3" |''niuti''
|''niutegio''
|''niutó''
|-
! colspan="3" |relative
|''tai''
| colspan="2" |''tagin''
|''togio''
|''ti''
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Possessive (adjectival)
! colspan="3" |
!singular
!plural
|-
! rowspan="6" |sing.
! rowspan="2" |1st
!an.
|''cyö''
| rowspan="2" |''cyï''
|-
!inan.
|''cyä''
|-
! rowspan="2" |2nd
!an.
|''syö''
| rowspan="2" |''syï''
|-
!inan.
|''syä''
|-
! rowspan="2" |3rd
!an.
|''niutigio''
| rowspan="2" |''niutigi''
|-
!inan.
|''niutigia''
|-
! rowspan="6" |plur.
!1st
!an.
|''bovo''
| rowspan="2" |''boï''
|-
!
!inan.
|''bova''
|-
!2nd
!an.
|''tovo''
| rowspan="2" |''toï''
|-
!
!inan.
|''tova''
|-
!3rd
!an.
|''niutogio''
| rowspan="2" |''niutogi''
|-
!
!inan.
|''niutogia''
|-
! colspan="3" |relative
|''tigio''
|''tigi''
|}
 
== Nouns ==
Nouns are divided into five major classes based on the historical High Ciána declensions.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |High Ciána declension
! rowspan="2" |High Ciána class
! rowspan="2" |High Ciána example
! colspan="2" |Femps ending
! colspan="2" |Femps example
|-
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
|-
| rowspan="2" |1st declension
|or-class
|''maror'' 'honour'
| ''-o''
| ''-i''
|''maro''
|''mari''
|-
|ar-class
|''fínar'' 'town'
| rowspan="3" | ''-a''
| rowspan="3" | ''-i''
|''fina''
|''fini''
|-
| rowspan="2" |2nd declension
|a-class
|''mbóa'' 'sea'
|''emboa''
|''emboi''
|-
|ë-class
|''sfareë'' 'victory'
|''esfarea''
|''esfarei''
|-
|3rd declension
| rowspan="3" |chaos nouns
|''ulúx, ulúgi'' 'village'
| rowspan="3" | ''-e''
| rowspan="3" | ''-o''
|''ylyge''
|''ylygio''
|-
|4th declension
|''áx, ási, ác'' 'thought'
|''ase''
|''asio''
|-
|5th declension
|''nóx, néri, nóc'' 'sun'
|''nere''
|''nero''
|-
|6th declension
|ou-nouns
|''nerisíou'' 'founder'
|''-u''
|''-a''
|''nerigiu''
|''nerigia''
|-
|7th declension
|dual nouns
|''ighé'' 'trousers'
|''-é''
|''-eso''
|''igé''
|''igeso''
|}
 
== Adjectives ==
Adjective endings are similar to noun endings, except there are only two classes.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="3" |High Ciána class
! rowspan="3" |High Ciána example
! colspan="4" |Femps ending
! colspan="4" |Femps example
|-
! colspan="2" |animate
! colspan="2" |inanimate
! colspan="2" |animate
! colspan="2" |inanimate
|-
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
|-
|standard
|''ôtor, ôta'' 'hot'
| rowspan="2" |''-o''
| rowspan="2" |''-i''
| rowspan="2" |''-a''
| rowspan="2" |''-i''
|''hoto''
|''hoti''
|''hota''
|''hoti''
|-
|iota-ë
|''nuáryor, nuáryë'' 'lunar'
|''nuarigio''
|''nuarigi''
|''nuarigia''
|''nuarigi''
|-
|chaos adjectives
|''siréx, siréghi'' 'watchful'
|''-e''
|''-o''
|''-e''
|''-o''
|''sirege''
|''siregio''
|''sirege''
|''siregio''
|}
 
=== Degrees of comparison ===
Femps adjectives have two degrees of comparison: comparative and superaltive.
 
The comparative is formed by attaching the suffix ''-iroce'' to the adjectival root, for instance:
 
* ('''''ciorio''''' 'good') ''Emme '''cioriroce''' da sy.'' ('I am '''better''' than you')
* ('''''egio''''' 'tall') ''Y né seö cono '''egiroce'''.'' ('There is a '''taller''' man')
 
The superlative is formed by attaching the suffix ''-isto'' to the adjectival root, for instance:
* ('''''ciorio''''' 'good') ''Emme '''cioristo''' li plittin.'' ('I am '''the best''' at swimming')
* ('''''egio''''' 'tall') ''Né ho cono '''egisto'''.'' ('This is the tallest man')
 
== Verbs ==
Almost all Femps verbs can be assigned into three conjugation patterns based on its infinitive endings (''-an, -on, -in''), except for the verb ''entci'' 'to be', and several other verbs with irregular past tense stems inherited from High Ciána.
 
=== Simple tenses ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+''orgon'' 'to do'
!Tense
!Femps name
!Example
!Translation
|-
! colspan="4" |Indicative Mood
|-
!Present
|''mancedrigio''
|''orgo''
|I do
I am doing
|-
!Imperfect
|
|
|''orgio''
|I was doing
I used to do
|-
!Future
|
|
|''orgotci''
|I will do
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |2nd
!Remote Past (Perfect)
|tci
|te-, t'-
|ta
|tcegio
|
|
|''orgú''
|I did
|-
! colspan="4" |Subjunctive
|-
!Present
|
|
|''orgore''
|I do
I am doing
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |3rd
! colspan="4" |Imperative
| colspan="3" |niuti
|-
|niutegio
!Present
|
|
|
|''orga''
|Do it!
|}
|}
[[Category:Language guides]]

Latest revision as of 08:19, 10 January 2026

Cioria gene! The following page will provide a comprehensive guide to Femps, the unofficial lingua franca of Sensuîerreí.


Cioria fina!

Orthography

Letter IPA Example Example (IPA)
a [a] atta [ˈatta]
b [b] bórea [ˈbɔɾɛa]
[β] (intervocalic) sheba [ˈsɛβa]
c [k] (back vowels) cono [ˈkɔnɔ]
[t͡ʃ] (front vowels) ciorio [t͡ʃɔɾjɔ]
ch [k] (front vowels) chemo [ˈkɛmɔ]
d [d] dado [ˈdaðɔ]
[ð] (intervocalic) dado
e [ɛ] eppire [ɛpˈpiɾɛ]
f [ɸ] Fempe [ˈɸɛmpɛ]
g [ɡ] gussa [ˈgusa]
[ɣ] (intervocalic) shigo [ˈsiɣɔ]
[d͡ʒ] (front vowels) egio [ˈɛd͡ʒɔ]
gh [ɡ] (front vowels)
h [∅] (historical)
i [i]
[j] (as glide)
l [l]
m [m]
n [n]
[ŋ] (before velars)
o [ɔ]
p [p]
r [ɾ]
s [s]
[z] (intervocalic)
[ʃ] (front vowels)
[ʒ] (intervocalic front vowels)
sh [s] (front vowels)
t [t]
u [u]
v [β]
x [ks]
y [i]

Articles

Definite article (with combinations with prepositions)
preposition singular plural
anim. inan.
- ho ha hi
da 'of' d'ho d'ha d'hi
gio 'for' gioho gioha giohi
li 'in, at' l'ho l'ha l'hi
em 'to, at' emho emha emhi
Indefinite article (with combinations with prepositions)
preposition singular plural
anim. inan.
- seö seä seï
da 'of' deseö deseä deseï
gio 'for' geseö geseä geseï
li 'in, at' liseö liseä leseï
em 'to, at' enseö enseä enseï

Pronouns

Subject Direct Object Indirect Object Possessive (nominal)
Clitic form Stressed form
sing. 1st ymme ce-, c(i)'- cy cogio ci
2nd si se-, s(i)'- sy sogio si
3rd an. niu y-, m'- niu niugio niuti
inan. niuä niuä
plural 1st vo be-, b'- ban begio bigi
2nd ci te-, t'- tan cegio cigi
3rd niuti niutegio niutó
relative tai tagin togio ti
Possessive (adjectival)
singular plural
sing. 1st an. cyö cyï
inan. cyä
2nd an. syö syï
inan. syä
3rd an. niutigio niutigi
inan. niutigia
plur. 1st an. bovo boï
inan. bova
2nd an. tovo toï
inan. tova
3rd an. niutogio niutogi
inan. niutogia
relative tigio tigi

Nouns

Nouns are divided into five major classes based on the historical High Ciána declensions.

High Ciána declension High Ciána class High Ciána example Femps ending Femps example
singular plural singular plural
1st declension or-class maror 'honour' -o -i maro mari
ar-class fínar 'town' -a -i fina fini
2nd declension a-class mbóa 'sea' emboa emboi
ë-class sfareë 'victory' esfarea esfarei
3rd declension chaos nouns ulúx, ulúgi 'village' -e -o ylyge ylygio
4th declension áx, ási, ác 'thought' ase asio
5th declension nóx, néri, nóc 'sun' nere nero
6th declension ou-nouns nerisíou 'founder' -u -a nerigiu nerigia
7th declension dual nouns ighé 'trousers' -é -eso igé igeso

Adjectives

Adjective endings are similar to noun endings, except there are only two classes.

High Ciána class High Ciána example Femps ending Femps example
animate inanimate animate inanimate
singular plural singular plural singular plural singular plural
standard ôtor, ôta 'hot' -o -i -a -i hoto hoti hota hoti
iota-ë nuáryor, nuáryë 'lunar' nuarigio nuarigi nuarigia nuarigi
chaos adjectives siréx, siréghi 'watchful' -e -o -e -o sirege siregio sirege siregio

Degrees of comparison

Femps adjectives have two degrees of comparison: comparative and superaltive.

The comparative is formed by attaching the suffix -iroce to the adjectival root, for instance:

  • (ciorio 'good') Emme cioriroce da sy. ('I am better than you')
  • (egio 'tall') Y né seö cono egiroce. ('There is a taller man')

The superlative is formed by attaching the suffix -isto to the adjectival root, for instance:

  • (ciorio 'good') Emme cioristo li plittin. ('I am the best at swimming')
  • (egio 'tall') Né ho cono egisto. ('This is the tallest man')

Verbs

Almost all Femps verbs can be assigned into three conjugation patterns based on its infinitive endings (-an, -on, -in), except for the verb entci 'to be', and several other verbs with irregular past tense stems inherited from High Ciána.

Simple tenses

orgon 'to do'
Tense Femps name Example Translation
Indicative Mood
Present mancedrigio orgo I do

I am doing

Imperfect orgio I was doing

I used to do

Future orgotci I will do
Remote Past (Perfect) orgú I did
Subjunctive
Present orgore I do

I am doing

Imperative
Present orga Do it!
Retrieved from "https://abzu.w.kmwc.org/index.php?title=Femps_Guide&oldid=3527"